N'ime nzụlite siri ike nke nsogbu nchekwa nri, ụdị ngwa nnwale ọhụrụ dabere na yaEnzyme jikọtara Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-aghọ ngwá ọrụ dị mkpa n'ọhịa nke nyocha nchekwa nri. Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-enye ụzọ ziri ezi ma dịkwa mma maka nleba anya nleba anya nri kamakwa na-ewulite ahịrị nchekwa siri ike maka nchekwa nke nri ndị ahịa.
Ụkpụrụ nke ngwa ule ELISA dabeere na iji mmeghachi omume na-ejikọta kpọmkwem n'etiti antigen na antibody iji chọpụta ọnụọgụ nke ihe ezubere iche na nri site na mmepe nke mkpụrụ osisi enzyme-catalyzed. Usoro ọrụ ya dị mfe ma nwee nkọwa dị elu na nghọta, na-eme ka njirimara na nha nke ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ dị na nri, dị ka aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, naT-2 nsí.
N'ihe gbasara usoro arụmọrụ akọwapụtara, ngwa ule ELISA na-agụnye usoro ndị a:
1. Nkwadebe ihe atụ: Nke mbụ, ihe oriri a ga-anwale kwesịrị ka edozi ya nke ọma, dị ka mmịpụta na ime ka ọ dị ọcha, iji nweta ihe ngwọta nke nwere ike iji mee nchọpụta.
2. Ihe mgbakwunye ihe atụ: A na-agbakwunye ihe ngwọta nke edoziri na olulu mmiri ndị a họpụtara na efere ELISA, nke ọ bụla dabara na ihe a ga-anwale.
3. Ntinye: A na-etinye efere ELISA na ihe atụ agbakwunyere na okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị maka oge iji kwe ka njikọ zuru oke n'etiti antigens na antibodies.
4. Ịsacha: Mgbe mmechi ahụ gasịrị, a na-eji ngwọta ịsa ahụ wepụ antigens ma ọ bụ ọgwụ mgbochi, na-ebelata nnyonye anya nke njide na-enweghị isi.
5.Mgbakwunye mkpụrụ osisi na mmepe agba: A na-agbakwunye ihe ngwọta nke mkpụrụ n'ime olulu mmiri ọ bụla, na enzyme dị na antibody a na-akpọ enzyme na-eme ka mkpụrụ ahụ nwee ike ịmepụta agba, na-emepụta ngwaahịa nwere agba.
6. Nleba: A na-atụle uru nnabata nke ngwaahịa agba na olulu mmiri ọ bụla site na iji ngwa dị ka onye na-agụ ELISA. A na-agbakọ ọdịnaya nke ihe a ga-anwale dabere na usoro ọkọlọtọ.
Enwere ọtụtụ ngwa ngwa nke ngwa ule ELISA na nnwale nchekwa nri. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'oge nlekọta nchekwa nri na nlele oge niile, ndị ọrụ na-ahụ maka ahịa na-eji ngwa nyocha ELISA mee ngwa ngwa na n'ụzọ ziri ezi chọpụta oke aflatoxin B1 n'ime mmanụ ahụekere nke igwe igwe na-emepụta. Emere usoro ntaramahụhụ kwesịrị ekwesị ozugbo, na-egbochi ihe na-emerụ ahụ nke ọma na-etinye ndị na-azụ ahịa n'ihe ize ndụ.
Ọzọkwa, n'ihi ịdị mfe nke ọrụ ya, izi ezi na ntụkwasị obi, a na-eji ngwa ule ELISA eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na nyocha nchekwa nke nri dị iche iche dị ka ngwaahịa mmiri, ngwaahịa anụ na ngwaahịa mmiri ara ehi. Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-ebelata oge nchọpụta nke ọma ma na-emeziwanye arụmọrụ kamakwa ọ na-enye nkwado teknụzụ siri ike maka ndị na-ahụ maka nchịkwa iji wusie nlekọta nke ahịa nri ike.
Site na ọganihu teknụzụ na-aga n'ihu yana mmata na-amụba maka nchekwa nri n'etiti ndị mmadụ, ngwa ule ELISA ga-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na-abawanye na ngalaba nyocha nchekwa nri. N'ọdịnihu, anyị na-atụ anya mpụta na-aga n'ihu nke ihe ọhụrụ teknụzụ ndị ọzọ, na-ejikọta ọnụ na-akwalite mmepe siri ike nke ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa nri yana inye nkwa siri ike maka nchekwa nke nri ndị ahịa.
Oge nzipu: Dec-12-2024