Amid kev nthuav dav ntau dua ntawm cov khoom siv kev nyab xeeb, ib qho khoom siv xeem tshiab raws li covEnzyme-txuas immunosorbent assay (Elisa)yog maj mam ua ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv daim teb ntawm kev kuaj mob kev nyab xeeb. Nws tsis tsuas yog muab cov ntsiab lus ntau dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev saib xyuas zoo tab sis kuj tsim cov khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom noj.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Elisa cov khoom siv dag nyob rau hauv kev siv cov kev sib tw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov zaub mov los ntawm enzyme-catalyzed substrate xim txhim kho. Nws cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yog qhov yooj yim thiab muaj qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev ntsuas ntawm cov khoom muaj teeb meem thiab kev ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom noj, xws li aflatoxin, ochratoxin a, thiabT-2 Toxins.
Hais txog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv xeem ELISA feem ntau suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
1. Qauv npaj: Ua ntej, cov khoom noj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas yuav tsum tau ua kom tsim nyog, kom tau txais kev daws teeb meem uas tuaj yeem siv rau kev kuaj pom.
2. Qauv Ntxiv: Cov txheej txheem daws teeb meem yog ntxiv rau cov qauv tsim muaj nyob hauv Elisa Phaj, nrog txhua tus zoo sib xws rau cov khoom siv tau.
3. Txiaj: lub phaj Elisa nrog ntxiv cov qauv yog muab kom sib xyaw ntawm qhov ntsuas kub uas tsim nyog rau ib lub sijhawm los tso cai rau tag nrho cov kab mob antigens thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
4. Ntxuav: Tom qab tsim kom loj hlob yog siv los tshem tawm unbound antigens lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, txo qis ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev cuam tshuam.
5.Substrate ntxiv thiab cov xim kev txhim kho: Substrate daws tau ntxiv rau txhua qhov zoo, thiab cov enzyme ntawm enzyme catalyszes lub substrate los tsim xim, sib sau cov khoom xim.
6. Kev Ntsuas: Cov khoom lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom muaj xim hauv txhua qhov kev ntsuas tau siv cov twj paj nruag uas siv cov ntaub ntawv ELISA. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau kuaj yog tom qab tau muab xam raws tus nkhaus txheem.
Muaj ntau ntau cov khoom thov ntawm Elisa cov khoom siv hauv kev kuaj zaub mov kev nyab xeeb. Piv txwv li, thaum ua kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb zaub mov thiab kuaj cov khoom siv rau cov roj elisa ntau dhau ntawm aflatoxin B1 hauv cov roj av. Kev nplua nqi tsim nyog tau raug mob kom sai, tiv thaiv tau cov kev phom sij los ntawm kev siv cov neeg siv khoom.
Ntxiv mus, vim nws yooj yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev ntseeg tau, ELISA cov khoom siv tau dav siv ntau yam khoom lag luam xws li cov khoom lag luam muaj dej, thiab cov khoom noj mis. Nws tsis tsuas yog luv luv lub sijhawm nrhiav thiab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo tab sis kuj tseem muaj zog txhawb nqa kev saib xyuas ntawm cov khoom lag luam khoom noj.
Nrog kev nce qib nruam ntawm kev siv tshuab thiab kev paub cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntxiv hauv kev ntsuas zaub mov kev nyab xeeb. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, peb tos ntsoov rau kev tshwm sim txuas ntxiv ntawm cov kev tsim kho kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev nyab xeeb cov khoom noj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom noj khoom haus.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Kaum-12-2024