labarai

A cikin zafi, m ko wasu wurare, abinci yana yiwuwa ga mildew. Babban mai laifi shine mold. Sashin moldy da muke gani shine ainihin ɓangaren da mycelium na mold ya haɓaka gaba ɗaya kuma ya samo asali, wanda shine sakamakon "balaga". Kuma a kusa da abinci mai ƙazanta, an sami gyaggyarawa da yawa da ba a iya gani. Mold zai ci gaba da yaduwa a cikin abinci, iyakar yaduwarsa yana da alaƙa da abun cikin ruwa na abinci da tsananin ƙwayar cuta. Cin abinci mara kyau zai yi mummunar illa ga jikin ɗan adam.
Mold wani nau'in fungi ne. Gubar da mold ke samarwa ana kiransa mycotoxin. Ochratoxin A yana samuwa ta Aspergillus da Penicillium. An gano cewa nau'ikan Aspergillus guda 7 da nau'ikan Penicillium guda 6 na iya samar da ochratoxin A, amma galibi ana samar da ita ta pure Penicillium viride, ochratoxin da Aspergillus niger.
Gubar ta fi gurɓata kayayyakin hatsi, kamar hatsi, sha'ir, alkama, masara da abincin dabbobi.
Yawanci yana lalata hanta da koda na dabbobi da mutane. Yawan guba mai yawa na iya haifar da kumburi da necrosis na mucosa na hanji a cikin dabbobi, kuma yana da tasirin carcinogenic, teratogenic da tasirin mutagenic.
GB 2761-2017 ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun amincin abinci na ƙasa na mycotoxins a cikin abinci ya nuna cewa adadin ochratoxin A a cikin hatsi, wake da samfuran su ba za su wuce 5 μg / kg ba;
GB 13078-2017 ma'aunin tsaftar ciyarwa ya nuna cewa adadin da aka halatta na ochratoxin A a cikin abinci ba zai wuce 100 μg/kg ba.
GB 5009.96-2016 Matsayin amincin abinci na ƙasa Ƙaddara ochratoxin A cikin abinci
GB / T 30957-2014 ƙayyadaddun ochratoxin A a cikin ciyarwar immunoaffinity shafi tsarkakewa Hanyar HPLC, da dai sauransu.

Yadda ake sarrafa gurɓatar ochratoxin Dalilin gurɓacewar ochratoxin a cikin abinci
Saboda ochratoxin A ya yadu a cikin yanayi, yawancin amfanin gona da abinci, ciki har da hatsi, busassun 'ya'yan itace, inabi da ruwan inabi, kofi, koko da cakulan, magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin, kayan yaji, abincin gwangwani, mai, zaitun, kayayyakin wake, giya, shayi da kuma sauran amfanin gona da abinci na iya gurɓata ta ochratoxin A. Gurɓatar ochratoxin A a cikin abincin dabbobi kuma yana da matukar tsanani. A cikin kasashen da abinci shine babban bangaren abincin dabbobi, kamar Turai, dabbobin suna ciyar da gurbataccen ochratoxin A, wanda ke haifar da tarin ochratoxin A a cikin vivo. Saboda ochratoxin A yana da tsayin daka a cikin dabbobi kuma ba a sauƙaƙe ba kuma yana raguwa, abincin dabbobi, musamman koda, hanta, tsoka da jinin alade, Ochratoxin A sau da yawa ana gano shi a cikin madara da kayan kiwo. Mutane suna tuntuɓar ochratoxin A ta hanyar cin amfanin gona da kyallen jikin dabbobi da ochratoxin A suka gurɓata, kuma ochratoxin A yana cutar da su. Mafi yawan bincike da nazari akan ochratoxin matrix na gurɓataccen abu a duniya shine hatsi (alkama, sha'ir, masara, shinkafa, da sauransu). kofi, giya, giya, kayan yaji, da sauransu.

Matakan da masana'antar abinci za su iya ɗauka
1. Zaɓin kayan abinci na lafiya da aminci sosai, kuma kowane nau'in albarkatun shuka na dabba suna gurɓata ta mold kuma ya zama canji mai inganci. Har ila yau, mai yiyuwa ne cewa kayan da aka samu sun kamu da cutar yayin tattarawa da adanawa.
2. Don ƙarfafa kariyar lafiyar tsarin samar da kayan aiki, kayan aiki, kwantena, motocin juyawa, dandamali na aiki, da dai sauransu da ake amfani da su a cikin samarwa ba su dace da disinfected da kai tsaye tare da abinci ba, wanda ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta na biyu na kwayoyin cuta.
3. Kula da tsaftar ma'aikata. Domin ba a gama ba da kariya ga ma'aikata, tufafin aiki da takalma ba, saboda rashin tsaftacewa ko haɗuwa da tufafi na sirri, bayan ƙetare ƙwayar cuta, za a kawo kwayoyin cuta a cikin aikin samar da kayan aiki ta hanyar ma'aikata a ciki da waje, wanda zai gurɓata muhallin. bita
4. Ana tsaftace taron bitar da kayan aiki da kuma tsabtace su akai-akai. Tsaftace bita na yau da kullun da kayan aiki muhimmin bangare ne don hana gyaggyarawa, wanda kamfanoni da yawa ba za su iya cimma ba.